4 worked answers · short steps first, explanations when you need them
Exercises and activities
Textbook pages 40–41
Question 1
Choose the correct options: (i) farming that grows a single crop on a large area (ii) a rabi crop (iii) a leguminous crop.
Steps only
(i) Plantation agriculture.
Answer
(i) Plantation agriculture.
(ii) Gram.
(iii) Pulses. Plantations grow one crop over a large area; gram is grown in the rabi season; pulses are legumes that can help add nitrogen to soil.
Question 2
Answer briefly: (i) Name one beverage crop and its growing conditions. (ii) Name a staple crop and its main regions. (iii) List government institutional reforms for farmers.
Steps only
(i) Tea grows well in warm, humid conditions with frequent rainfall and well-drained soil; Assam and northern West Bengal are important areas.
Answer
(i) Tea grows well in warm, humid conditions with frequent rainfall and well-drained soil; Assam and northern West Bengal are important areas.
(ii) Rice is a staple crop grown in the northern and north-eastern plains, coastal areas and river deltas.
(iii) Measures include land reforms, crop insurance, cooperative and bank credit, Kisan Credit Cards, farmer information services, and minimum support and procurement prices.
Question 3
Answer in about 120 words: (i) What initiatives has the government taken to increase agricultural production? (ii) Describe the conditions needed for rice.
Steps only
(i) Initiatives include land reforms, irrigation projects, agricultural research and extension, improved seeds, fertilisers, rural credit, crop insurance, support prices and procurement.
Answer
(i) Initiatives include land reforms, irrigation projects, agricultural research and extension, improved seeds, fertilisers, rural credit, crop insurance, support prices and procurement. These measures can raise production, but should be combined with sustainable soil and water use.
(ii) Rice needs high temperature, high humidity and abundant water, usually more than 100 cm of annual rainfall. It is mainly a kharif crop. In areas with less rainfall, canals and tube wells support cultivation. It grows in the northern and north-eastern plains, coastal regions and deltas, and irrigation has enabled it in parts of Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh.
Question 4
Discuss why literacy matters for farmers, mark wheat-producing areas on an India map, and solve the crop crossword.
Steps only
Literacy helps farmers read weather alerts, compare prices, understand credit and insurance terms, use new techniques and access government information.
Answer
Literacy helps farmers read weather alerts, compare prices, understand credit and insurance terms, use new techniques and access government information. On a map, shade major wheat-growing areas in Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar and Rajasthan. Crossword clues: (1) rice and wheat; (2) kharif; (3) nitrogen; (4) jowar; (5) tea and coffee; (6) cotton.